Program Resources
Learn more about the resources being developed by the NIH Common Fund Glycoscience program:
- methods and technologies for synthesis of biomedically relevant carbohydrates (for biologists)
- methods and technologies for synthesis of biomedically relevant carbohydrates (for chemists)
- accessible tools for probing and analyzing carbohydrates and their interaction partners
- polysaccharides resource guide
- summary of available tools
GlyGen
GlyGen is a data integration and dissemination project that retrieves information from multiple international data sources. Click below to access tutorials on using GlyGen and other online GlyGen resources.
- Glycan searching tutorial
- Protein searching tutorial
- Glycoprotein searching tutorial
- GlyGen media and online resources
GLYCAM
GLYCAM is a tool that facilitates computer modeling of carbohydrates.
CVLS4GAGs Beta
CVLS4GAGs Beta is a tool for modeling glycosaminoglycan interactions with proteins. The tool is available for use for investigators with an edu/org/gov affiliation.
More Resources Developed through the Glycoscience Program
| Resources Generated from the Glycoscience Program U01s | |||
| Resource | Description | Publication(s) | Availibility through Website and/or Company |
| Affinity reagents (arrays) | Antibody-like probes in lampreys to glycans from different sources | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32052624/ | NovAb, Inc. |
| Quantitative O-glycomics and Amplification/Preparation of Cellular O-Glycans | Technology to simulate synthesis of O-glycans in cell cultures | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32539345/ | http://natglycan.com/ |
| Glycam | 3D structural modeling platform to predict glycan structures and their impact on polypeptide conformations of glycoproteins | https://www.glycam.org | |
| IsoTag & IsoStamp | Reagent for orthogonal metabolic labeling of glycans | http://mass-spec-169.herokuapp.com/; Click Chemistry Tools: htttps://clickchemistrytools.com/isotag-kit/ |
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| GlycoMiR | Integrated within GlycoEnzDB providing data on miRNA regulation of mRNA translation | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34085516/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31585501/ | Integrated within http://www.virtualglycome.org/GlycoEnzDB |
| Affinity reagents (arrays) | Harnesses sialic acid binding proteins found in human oral microflora as additional glycan binding affinity probes | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32820052/ | |
| Luminex Bead Glycan Array | Luminex beads and software to study glycan binding proteins | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34972929/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29343722/ | |
| Probes | N-acetyl muramic acid orthogonal metabolic probes | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763799/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29986130/ | |
| Software for processing mass spectrometry glycomics and glycoproteomics data | GlycReSoft is a tool for preprocessing and assigning glycoproteomics LC-MS data. GlycoDeNovo is a software tool for identification of glycans from ExD tandem mass spectra. GAGFinder and GAGrank are tools for annotating and ranking glycosaminoglycan saccharides from tandem mass spectra. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33992776/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29790907/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29615495/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28786094/ |
https://www.bumc.bu.edu/msr/software/; GlycReSoft is available for download at: https://www.bumc.bu.edu/msr/glycresoft/; Library of synthetic glycosaminoglycan standards funded by 3R21HL131554-02S1 distributed upon request: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/zaia/gag-synthetic-saccharides-available/; GlycoDeNovo is available for download at: https://github.com/hongpengyu/GlycoDeNovo |
| Glycan determination via suspension lectin arrays | A near real-time technology using flow cytometry with bead-based glycan-specific reagents | www.lectenz.com | |
| Glycopeptide Transition Wiki (GPTwiki) | Provides optimized observed transitions for the quantification of peptides modified by glycans | https://gptwiki.glyomics.org/ | |
| GAG sequencing | Automated capillary electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry platform for the structural analysis of mixtures of glycosaminoglycan oligomers that are isolated in protein binding assays | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29501428/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30773923/ | |
| Biosensors of GalNAc transferase activity | Protein-based fluorescence sensors that traffic in the secretory pathway to monitor GalNAc-transferase activity in living cells. The sensors can either be “pan” or isozyme specific. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27632006/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25225288/ | |
| T3Inh-1 | Membrane-permeant, isozyme-selective, small molecule inhibitor of GalNAc-T3. Effective in cells and mice. Mechanism is direct and mixed-mode. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28362263/ | |
| Glycotuners (400 constructs) | A suite of tools that enable small molecular regulation (Trimethoprim/Shield) of the expression of the O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), O-GlcNAcase (OGT), Glutamine Fructose-6phophate aminotransferase 1, 2 (GFAT1,2), and UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine Pyrophosphorylase (UAP1/2). | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34004049/ | |
| UGAcS and UXPS | Genetically encoded fluorescent indicator for UDP-GlcNAc, and the control indicator UXPS for UTP and UDP | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34729420/ | http://www.addgene.org/Huiwang_Ai/ |
| microbial Glycan Analysis Probes (mGAPs) | Microbial glycan analysis probes (mGAPs) are based on soluble human lectins | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33497192/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34615357/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34145348/ | |
| Photocrosslinking GlcNAc analog | Method and reagents to identify cellular binding partners of glycosylated molecules | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34331854/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34288588/ | https://www.utsouthwestern.edu/labs/kohler/reagents/photocrosslinking-gl... |
| Writing and erasing O-GlcNAc from target proteins in cells | Fused nanobodies to O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) or O-GlcNAcase (OGA) as proximity-directing agents to selectively “write” and “erase” O-GlcNAc from a target protein in cells | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33686291/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32119511/ | |
| Tools, Clinical assays | 1. Antibody array for analysis of N-glycans on IgG and IgG subtypes; 2. Immune cell N-glycan profiling after capture by antibody array; 3. N-glycan profiling of cultured cells; 4. Total N-glycan profiling of serum, plasma, urine, exosomes and other biofluids |
1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35197973/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31721442/ 2. Manuscript in prepration; 3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31535553/ 4.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32809822/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34646811/ |
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| CVLS For GAGs | A computational tool for understanding GAG recognition of proteins | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29328962/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28124818/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32346466/ | https://cvls4gags.vcu.edu/wmol/ |
| Glycan Libraries & Arrays | Chemical release of glycans from natural sources | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27135973/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29803109/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32277906/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32539345/ |
NatGlycans |
| Chemical synthesis of glycosulfopeptides | Scalable synthetic methodologies for GSP libraries; Development of methods for solid phase peptide synthesis | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29638128/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29065342/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25824568/ | |
| Chemical & chemoenzymatic synthesis of GAGs | Methods for the rapid synthesis of protected building blocks used for synthesis of GAG libraries with defined sulfation patterns; Chemical methods for the automation of GAG synthesis; GAG Libraries (up to 18mers) | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31553820/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29062430/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26574650/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28340300/ | Glycan Therapeutics |
| Chemoenzymatic synthesis of glycosphingolipids | Chemoenzymatic methods for the total synthesis of glycosphingolipids; Necessary enzymes and substrates for assembly of easy-to-use reagent kits; Kits to prepare various glycolipids via chemoenzymatic synthesis | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34152144/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33760402/ | Integrated Micro-Chromatography Systems (IMCS) Inc. |
| Chemoenzymatic synthesis of polysaccharides | Methods for the chemoenzymatic synthesis of several different bacterial oligosaccharides a; Prepared and optimized enzymes for these purposes | Integrated Micro-Chromatography Systems (IMCS) Inc. | |
| Automation of chemical synthesis | Methods to synthesize the building blocks required to make O-glycans; First automated routes for synthesis of linear rhamnose-based polysaccharides | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30121415/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27775116/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31614269/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32432478/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32293636/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29336575/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34463017/ |
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| Automation of chemical synthesis | An HPLC based automated synthesis platform, and development of synthetic methods and polymer supports for solid-phase glycan synthesis | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27575052/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27808325/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29227649/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29693690/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29861508/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30147293/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30407673/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31066275/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31930269/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32785304/; |
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| Automation of chemoenzymatic synthesis | Methods for automation of chemoenzymatic synthesis; Methods to prepare building blocks for use on his automated platform for chemoenzymatic synthesis of glycans; Commercialized a library of enzymes suitable for these purposes; Several glycans and glycan libraries have been synthesized and some have been used to prepare glycan arrays | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30792508/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29603480/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30532014/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29096185/ |
Glyco Expression Technology (https://www.glycoexpresstech.com/); Zymtronix Catalytic Systems, Inc (https://zymtronix.com/); VIAMUNE, Inc (https://gra.org/company/84/ViaMune.html) |
| Automation of chemoenzymatic synthesis | Glyco-enzymes (for synthetic purposes) developed and standard protocols for chemoenzymatic synthesis of O-glycans, Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and Bacterial Polysaccharides (PSs); Machine driven approach for automatic synthesis of glycans and glycopeptides (using a peptide synthesizer) | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29732660/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30375138/ |
Chemily Glycoscience sells the glycans, enzymes, and arrays created with them (http://www.chemilyglycoscience.com/); z BIOTECH, LLC sells arrays containing these libraries (https://www.zbiotech.com/) |
| Catalytic methods development | Bis-thiourea catalysts (that promote stereospecific reactions between a wide variety of complex nucleophiles and glycosyl phosphate donors) ; Methods for their highly selective and practical beta-mannosylation of alcohols, phenols, and thiols ; Progress toward site selective glycosylations of polyfunctional nucleophiles through catalyst design | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30559190/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28082586/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32013410/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32527078/ |
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| Catalytic methods development | Site-selective alkylation methods for both trans and cis -1,2-diols of O-glycosides; S-adamantyl group directed highly site-selective acylation of the C2-OH of various S glycosides; Mild way to prepare glycosyl chlorides and glycosyl bromides for cross-coupling glycosylation | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32431565/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32026682/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31739665/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31066162/ |
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| Catalytic methods development | Stereoselective glycosylation reactions for the direct construction of beta-linked glycans using appropriately selected sulfonyl chloride promoters in the absence of directing groups; Construction of rare deoxy-sugar monosaccharides including a novel gold-catalyzed process for the cyclization of homopropargyl orthoformates; Automation of these new methods | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29572995/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31021647/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31305082/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32281384/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32293636/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34463017/ |
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| Catalytic methods development | New catalytic methods utilizing a phenathroline catalyst or a visible-light-mediated copper catalyst for the synthesis of glycans | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30920099/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34168901/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29520326/ |
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| Catalytic methods development | A novel fluorescent multifunctional neoglycoside auxiliary (N-(2-ThioEthyl)-2-AminoBenzamide, (TEAB) synthesized as a versatile reagent for preparing thiol-functionalized glycans in high yield | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33761407/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34264248/ |
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| Catalytic methods development | New catalytic methods for the synthesis of building blocks for glycan synthesis and for the conversion of glycan isomers (D to L) | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34029464/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32786781/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29148749/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30194299/ |
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| Synthetic methods development for carbohydrate synthesis | New micro-wave assisted methods for the chemical synthesis of glycans | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34343001/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33350830/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32320231/ |
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| Synthetic methods development for carbohydrate synthesis | Building block assembly and novel strategies for assembling glycosidic linkages; A simple method of synthesizing carbohydrates (performed at room temperature with commercial reagents without purification or drying) | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34705439/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33354969/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32207615/ |
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| Catalytic methods development | New catalytic methods for the synthesis of glycans | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30439547/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31396001/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32431565/ |
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| Websites |
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The GECKO Project: CRISPR/Cas9-based molecular biology for validated human glycosyltransferase knock out cell lines |
| Haab Lab: Software for analyzing glycan-array data, More information here and here |
Kohler Lab: Photocrosslinking sugar technology that can be used to identify glycan-dependent interactions |
Zaia Research Group: GAG synthetic saccharides |
| National Center for Functional Glycomics: Lectin Reference Data |
| Wells and West Labs: Synthetic O-Glycan Standards |
| Bertozzi Group: IsoTag Kit for Profiling Intact Glycopeptides and Isostamp v2.0 to analyze IsoTag data |
| Li Lab: Info on synthetic useful glyco-enzymes and standard protocols for chemoenzymatic synthesis of O-glycans, glycosphingolipids, and bacterial polysaccharides |
This page last reviewed on May 6, 2022